Where is frame relay used

So it can accommodate all local area network frame sizes. Frame relay can only detect errors at the data link layer. But there is no flow control or error control. The damaged frame is simply dropped. There is no retransmission. This is to increase the speed. So frame relay needs a reliable medium and protocols having flow and error control. The frame format used in frame relay. The user can use any protocol which is recognized by ANSI.

Some of the important reasons are as follows:. Higher data rates. It allows transfer of bursty data. It has lower overheads. Interconnect them using the T lines. Interconnect using the frame relay.

Hence we need 6 T-lines to connect each LAN to the remaining three. This requires only 4 T-lines. The saving increases with increase in the number of LANs. That means a large amount of data data burst is sent suddenly, then for sometime there is very little or no data.

It supports a minimum average data rate and can handle the bursty data. The error checking takes place only at the destination. This saves a lot of memory space of the hosts and switches.

Shows the frame relay network connected to internet. Virtual Circuits:. This is actually a number which identifies a virtual circuit in frame relay. For this each switch has a table. These virtual circuits are created and used in the data link layer.

Frame relay switching:. Frame relay frame: The structure of the Frame Relay frame shown in the figure. The Frame Relay package, very similar to the X. This frame is very similar to the HDLC frame except for the missing control field here.

DLCI field:. Frame relay is bizarre because you don't go directly from a source router to a destination router. It's kind of like leaving out of gates of an airport. When Router Two sends data back, the data is going into , flying through the air, and come out on In order to configure a frame relay switch on Cisco IOS, you'll need to first figure out your topology.

You'll need to create connections between every endpoint in both directions. As CBT Nuggets trainer Jeremy Cioara points out, frame relay is still good to learn because it covers key networking basics.

A page guide to every Cisco, Juniper, F5, and NetApp certification, and how they fit into your career. By submitting this form you agree that you have read, understood, and are able to consent to our privacy policy. Learn anytime anywhere with our mobile apps. I have read and understood the privacy policy and am able to consent to it. CBT Nuggets uses cookies to give you the best experience on our website. PVCs function in a way similar to private leased lines and provide the customer with a level of service that is agreed upon, called the Committed Information Rate CIR.

The CIR, a negotiated level of service you purchase from the carrier, specifies your maximum transmission speed over the frame relay network. Speeds typically range from 56 Kbps to T3 speeds and higher, depending on your requirements.

CIR acts as a kind of bandwidth throttling mechanism that facilitates the use of shared frame relay circuits by different users. Frame relay runs over T1 and fractional T1 carriers with transmission speeds ranging from 56 Kbps to 1. See the illustration for an example. Frame relay technology is more popular in North America than slower packet-switching technologies such as X.

An important consideration in frame relay communication is a set of extensions to the frame relay encapsulating protocols called the LMI, developed by Cisco, DEC, and others. Bursts of traffic above the CIR are typically short less than two seconds in duration and are generally possible only during off-peak utilization times. Some possible strategies for troubleshooting frame relay links in different kinds of situations appear in the following table:.

In this post, I am going to talk about the 10 computer networking concepts that every professional should master. I will also include links to the main articles of each concept. This theoretical model explains how networks behave within an orderly, seven-layered